پایگاه تخصصی سیاست بین الملل (  INPO  )‌

بيوگرافي اشخاص مطرح: خوزه  آلبرتو موهيكا كوردانو (José Alberto Mujica Cordano) 

رئيس جمهور اوروگوئه

وحید پرست تاش

خوزه  آلبرتو موهيكا كوردانو (José Alberto Mujica Cordano)  در سال 1935 به دنيا آمد . موهيكا در دهه‌های ۱۹۶۰ و ۱۹۷۰ به عنوان یک شبه نظامی در انقلاب مسلحانه برعلیه دولت راست گرای وقت شرکت کرد. او 15 سال از عمر خود را در زندان به سر برد و در سال ۱۹۸۵ مورد عفو قرار گرفت. موهيكا پیش از انتخابات ریاست جمهوری سال ۲۰۰۹ به عنوان نماینده کنگره، سناتور و وزیر کشاورزی فعالیت کرده‌است. هوسه موهيكا (تلفظ: hoh-SAY moo-HEE-kah) قبلا در سال‌هاي 2005 تا 2008 وزير كشاورزي در اروگوئه بوده و مدتي هم به عنوان سناتور در اين كشور فعاليت كرده است. وي به عنوان چريك عضو جبهه چپگراي گسترده بوده و سابقه فعاليت در جبهه توپامارو هم داشته است در انتخابات رياست جمهوري سال 2009 اوروگوئه به پيروزي رسيد. موهيكا سپس از اول مارس 2010 رسما رئيس جمهور اوروگوئه شد.

به گزارش پایگاه تخصصی سیاست بین الملل ( اینپا ) به نقل از آسوشیتدپرس رئیس جمهوری اوروگوئه را به دلیل داشتن فقط یک خودروی قدیمی، فقیرترین رئیس جمهور دنیا معرفی کرد . به گزارش مهر به نقل از آسوشیتدپرس، "خوزه ماجیکا" رئیس جمهوری اوروگوئه در حال حاضر فقط یک خودروی فولکس واگن مدل beetle متعلق به سال 1987 را دارد. ارزش این خودروی 23 ساله یک هزار و 900 دلار عنوان شده است. بر اساس این گزارش، ماجیکا هیچ حساب بانکی نداشته و مزرعه خانواده او نیز به نام همسرش است. درآمد ماهیانه ماجیکا 11 هزار دلار است که 20 درصد از این مبلغ صرف کمک به حزب می‌شود.  این در حالی است که "دانیالو آستوری" معاون ماجیکا دارای منزل شخصی، پس انداز 250 هزار دلاری و خودرویی است که ارزش آن 10 برابر خودروی رئیس جمهور است.

هوسه آلبرتو موهيكا كوردانو (José Alberto Mujica Cordano) تلفظ: (hoh-SAY moo-HEE-kah) كه متولد بيستم ماه مه سال 1935 است و به عنوان چريك عضو جبهه چپگراي گسترده (Broad Front) بوده و سابقه فعاليت در جبهه توپامارو(Tupamaros) هم داشته است در انتخابات رياست جمهوري سال 2009 اوروگوئه به پيروزي رسيد و سپس از اول مارس 2010 رسما رئيس جمهور اوروگوئه شد. هوسه موهيكا قبلا در سال‌هاي 2005 تا 2008 وزير كشاورزي در اروگوئه بوده و مدتي هم به عنوان سناتور در اين كشور فعاليت كرده است.

BIOGRAPHY of José Alberto Mujica Cordano

VAHID PARAST TASH
In the early 1960s, he joined the newly formed Tupamaros movement, an armed political group inspired by the Cuban revolution. He participated in the 1969 brief takeover of Pando, a town close to Montevideo, and was later convicted of killing a police officer by a military tribunal under the government of Jorge Pacheco Areco, who had suspended certain constitutional guarantees. Mujica was captured by the authorities on four occasions, and he was among those political prisoners. who escaped Punta Carretas Prison in 1971. He was eventually re-apprehended in 1972, and was shot by the police six times. After the military coup in 1973, he was transferred to a military prison where he served 14 years. During the 1970s, this included being confined to the bottom of a well for more than two years. During his time in prison, he remained in contact with other leaders of the Tupamaros, including Frente Amplio Senator Eleuterio Fernández Huidobro and the founder and leader of the Tupamaros, Raúl Sendic.

In 1985, when democracy was restored, Mujica was freed under a general amnesty that covered all political crimes (except homicide) committed since 1962.

Several years after the restoration of democracy, Mujica and the Tupamaros joined other left-wing organizations to create the Movement of Popular Participation, a political party that was accepted within the Broad Front coalition.

In the 1994 general elections, Mujica was elected deputy and in the elections of 1999 he was elected senator. Due in part to Mujica’s charisma, the MPP continued to grow in popularity and votes, and by 2004, it had become the largest of any faction within the Broad Front. In the elections of that year, Mujica was re-elected to the Senate, and the MPP obtained over 300,000 votes, thus consolidating its position as the primary political force within the coalition and a major force behind the victory of presidential candidate Tabaré Vázquez.

Mujica's political ideology has evolved over the years from orthodox to pragmatist. In recent times he has expressed a desire for a more flexible political left that can think outside the box . His blunt and folksy style is credited to be behind his growing popularity since the late 1990s, especially among rural and poor sectors of the population that the left traditionally had trouble reaching. He has been variously described as an "antipolitician" and a man who "speaks the language of the people" while also receiving criticism for untimely or inappropriate remarks. Unlike president Vázquez, who vetoed a bill put forward by parliament that would make abortions legal, Mujica has stated that should it come before him in the future, he would not veto such a bill. In the sphere of international relations, he hopes to further negotiations and agreements between the European Union and the Mercosur. Throughout the ongoing dispute between Argentina and Uruguay regarding pulp mills on the shared river, Mujica has remained closer to the Argentinian government, a risky move in Uruguayan politics, but one that may position him better to resolve the conflict.Asked about Lula's decision to receive Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, he answered it was a "genius move" because "The more you fence in Iran, the harder it will be for the rest of the world".

In 2005, Mujica married Lucía Topolansky, a fellow Tupamaro fighter and current senator, after many years of co-habitation. They have no children and live on an austere farm in the outskirts of Montevideo, the country's capital. His humble lifestyle is reflected by his choice of an ageing Volkswagen Beetle[20] as transport, his only asset. The Economist describes him as "a roly-poly former guerrilla who grows flowers on a small farm and swears by vegetarianism". He also donates a significant part of his salary to good causes

منابع :

ههمشهری آنلاین

ویکی پدیا انگلیسی و فارسی

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